Research NoteDESK/GEOPOLITICS_DESK

Geopolitical Crosscurrents: Election, Policy, and Market Volatility in H2 2025

Analysis of prediction markets reveals a tense balance between political uncertainty and monetary policy conviction, with significant implications for crypto and traditional asset classes.

SimpleFunctions Research
SF/RESEARCH

Key Takeaways

  • The 50% probability of a Trump departure is the dominant, under-hedged geopolitical risk.
  • Markets have full faith in a 75bps Fed easing cycle and Powell's continued leadership, providing a liquidity backstop.
  • Bitcoin is priced for high volatility with an 80% chance of falling below $80k, yet retains a >10% chance of hitting $100k+ by year-end.
  • The interaction between the political binary outcome and monetary policy will dictate asset performance, not either factor in isolation.
  • Strategic positioning should favor volatility harvesting, steepener curves in rates, and range-bound strategies in crypto over outright directional bets.

Executive Summary

Prediction market data for mid-2025 paints a landscape of profound political uncertainty directly juxtaposed against near-certain monetary policy action. The core narrative is one of a potential regime shock: a 50% implied probability of a Donald Trump departure from office this year trades alongside a 98% probability of three consecutive Fed rate cuts. This suggests markets are pricing two powerful, yet potentially offsetting, forces: political instability that could induce risk-off behavior, and aggressive monetary easing that would typically fuel risk-on rallies. High-volume trading in Bitcoin price ceilings and floors (totaling over $29.5M) indicates crypto is seen as a primary volatility conduit for these crosscurrents. The negligible 1% probability of a 2025 recession suggests underlying economic resilience is not the primary concern; rather, the focus is on exogenous political catalysts and their second-order effects on liquidity and regulation.

1. The Central Political Conundrum: A Coin Toss on Presidential Continuity

The 'Donald Trump out this year?' market, with $9.8M in volume and a 50.0% probability, is the single most significant geopolitical signal in the dataset. This is not a tail risk; it is a core risk priced at even odds. For context, prediction markets for an incumbent's early departure in a normal term would typically trade in low single digits. A 50% probability indicates the market perceives a substantial and immediate threat to the administration's stability.

Historical Context & Catalysts: Historical parallels are limited. The closest analog is the 1974 Nixon resignation, but prediction markets did not exist then. Modern parallels might include impeachment proceedings (Clinton 1998-99, Trump 2019-21), but those never breached ~40% probability of removal in real-time markets. The 50% level suggests traders are weighing scenarios more consequential than political gridlock, potentially including health issues, resignation under pressure, or invocation of the 25th Amendment.

Actionable Insight: Traders should treat this as a binary volatility engine. A 'NO' resolution (Trump remains) would likely see a rally in assets perceived as benefitting from his policy stance (e.g., certain energy, defense, and deregulated sectors), while a 'YES' resolution could trigger a flight to quality and immense short-term uncertainty regarding fiscal policy, regulatory appointments (especially at the SEC and CFTC), and foreign policy. The Vice President's policy inclinations would become the immediate focus.

Key Risk Factors: The market's sensitivity to news headlines will be extreme. Key catalysts to monitor include: congressional committee actions, medical bulletins, judicial rulings in pending cases, and resignations of senior cabinet officials. The timing is also critical—a shock earlier in H2 allows for a market adjustment period, while one in Q4 could induce year-end illiquidity amplification.

2. Monetary Policy: A Prescribed Path Amidst Political Storm

In stark contrast to the political volatility, the Federal Reserve's path is priced with remarkable certainty. The 'Will the Fed cut rates 3 times?' market at a 98.0% probability ($5.2M volume) indicates that markets view 75bps of easing in 2025 as virtually assured. The complementary '2 times' market trades at only 6.0%, effectively ruling out a slower pace. This suggests the Fed's narrative of responding to cooling inflation and a softening labor market is fully trusted by traders.

The Powell Factor: Notably, the 'Powell leaves before 2026?' market sits at a mere 1.0% probability ($6.4M volume). This indicates extreme confidence in Jerome Powell's continuity as Chair, a crucial element for policy predictability. Even amidst political turmoil, the market asserts the Fed's independence will be preserved. This creates a fascinating dynamic: potential political chaos in the White House, juxtaposed with a steady, predictable hand at the Fed.

Actionable Insight: This setup favors duration in fixed income. The steepness of the yield curve could be a trade as front-end rates are anchored by cut expectations. For equities, the traditional 'Fed put' remains powerfully in force, potentially cushioning downside from political shocks. However, traders must be alert for a divergence between the Fed's data-dependent path and political events that could disrupt the economic data itself (e.g., a government shutdown, abrupt tariff changes). The 1% probability of a 2025 recession ($4.4M volume) gives the Fed ample room to ease preemptively.

3. Cryptocurrency as the Battleground Asset

Crypto markets, particularly Bitcoin, are absorbing massive trading interest as the arena where political and monetary policy forces collide. Over $29.5M in volume is spread across Bitcoin price target markets, dwarfing most other single contracts.

Price Ceilings & Asymmetric Bets:

  • High Targets: The probabilities for extreme rallies are low but heavily traded. 'How high will Bitcoin get this year? $150,000+' (1%) and '$130,000+' (1%) see volumes of $4.6M and $9.7M respectively. This represents cheap, leveraged bets on a 'mega-rally' scenario, likely dependent on a combination of aggressive Fed liquidity, a Trump administration (if he remains) perceived as crypto-friendly, and ETF inflow acceleration.
  • The $100k Threshold: The 'Will Bitcoin be above $100,000 by Dec 31, 2025?' market at 11.0% ($5.8M volume) is more informative. It's a key psychological and options barrier. An 11% probability suggests it's a plausible but not base-case year-end outcome.
  • The Floor: The 'How low will Bitcoin get this year? $80,000.01 or above' at 20.0% probability ($5.4M volume) is perhaps the most critical data point. This implies an 80% probability that Bitcoin falls below $80,000 at some point in H2 2025. This is a striking expectation of significant volatility and a substantial drawdown from current levels (assuming current price is above this threshold).

Ehereum's Lower Beta: Ethereum's '$5,000 or above' target trades at a 2.0% probability ($7.8M volume). This is a higher probability than Bitcoin's comparable extreme targets, but still low. It suggests ETH is seen as having a similar directional driver but with potentially less extreme upside volatility.

Actionable Insight: The aggregate crypto market view is one of high volatility with a downward skew in the near-to-medium term (80% chance below $80k), but with a non-trivial chance of a parabolic, liquidity-driven blow-off top later in the year. This is a classic environment for option strangles or volatility arbitrage strategies, rather than outright directional long or short positions. The political catalyst is paramount: a Trump departure could be read as negative for perceived regulatory relief, potentially triggering the sub-$80k move. Conversely, his survival coupled with three Fed cuts could fuel the run toward $100k.

4. Synthesis and Intermarket Analysis

The markets are pricing a 'Twin Engine' scenario:

  1. Engine A (Volatility): The 50/50 political shock risk.
  2. Engine B (Liquidity): The near-certain 75bps of Fed easing.

Scenario Analysis:

  • Scenario 1 (Base Case?): Political Stability + Fed Cuts. Trump remains, Fed cuts thrice. This is likely risk-on: equities grind higher, crypto attempts a run toward $100k, the dollar weakens. The steep yield curve persists.
  • Scenario 2: Political Shock + Fed Cuts. Trump departs, Fed is still cutting. This induces bifurcation: extreme short-term risk-off (equities sell off, crypto dives below $80k, Treasury rally). However, the Fed's liquidity response could then cushion and reverse the move, leading to a powerful recovery in risk assets by year-end. Crypto's recovery could be most violent.
  • Scenario 3 (Outlier): Political Shock + Fed Pause. If a political crisis is seen as inflationary (e.g., due to tariff chaos or a loss of fiscal discipline), the Fed's cutting path could be delayed. This is the worst-case scenario for risk assets and is not currently priced, given the 98% probability for three cuts. Monitoring Fed speaker rhetoric for any mention of political events impacting the inflation outlook is critical.

Correlation Watch: The traditionally inverse relationship between the US dollar (DXY) and Bitcoin may be stressed. In a political shock, both could sell off initially (USD on perceived instability, BTC as a risk asset). In a pure liquidity rally, both could weaken. The cleaner trade may be long volatility (VIX) as a hedge against the political binary outcome.

5. Conclusions and Strategic Recommendations

Summary of Market-Implied View: H2 2025 is expected to be a period of high volatility driven by a literal coin-toss outcome on the US presidency, mitigated by unwavering faith in an aggressively accommodative Federal Reserve. Cryptocurrency is positioned as the primary volatility sponge, with an expected significant drawdown but retaining potential for a year-end rally.

Strategic Recommendations for Traders:

  1. Hedge the Binary: Allocate a portion of the portfolio to instruments that benefit from volatility spikes (long VIX futures, options on SPY) or outright tail-risk hedges. The 50% political probability is too high to ignore.
  2. Trade Crypto Ranges, Not Directions: Given the high probability of a move below $80k but a chance above $100k, consider selling upside calls and downside puts in a disciplined range, or purchasing long-dated strangles. Avoid highly leveraged spot positions.
  3. Front-Run the Fed (Carefully): Position for a steeper yield curve via 2s10s steepeners. In equities, favor quality and liquidity—large caps over small caps—as these will be more resilient during political turmoil and still benefit from easing.
  4. Monitor Catalysts Hierarchically:
    • Tier 1 (Market-Moving): White House medical/personnel news, Fed meeting language.
    • Tier 2 (Trend-Confirming): CPI/Jobs reports (for Fed path), Bitcoin ETF flow data, congressional leadership statements.
  5. Prepare for Regime Shift: A 'YES' on the Trump departure market would trigger a reassessment of all regulatory and fiscal policy assumptions. Have contingency plans for sectors like energy, financials (regulation), and technology (antitrust).

The overriding theme is conditional liquidity. The Fed is poised to provide fuel, but the political sphere will determine whether that fuel ignites a risk-asset rally or simply acts as a firebreak against a crisis-driven conflagration.

Market Analysis

Donald Trump out this year? ➡️

Current Probability: 50.0%

Core volatility driver. Priced as a true coin toss, indicating profound uncertainty. Catalysts are event-driven (health, legal, political). Resolution will set the tone for all other asset classes.

Will the Fed cut rates 3 times? 📈

Current Probability: 98.0%

Priced as a near-certainty. Represents the unwavering 'liquidity' narrative. Provides a fundamental bid to risk assets and limits downside in crisis scenarios, barring a stagflationary political shock.

Will Bitcoin be above $100,000 by Dec 31, 2025? ➡️

Current Probability: 11.0%

Non-trivial but unlikely year-end outcome. Requires a 'goldilocks' scenario of political stability + aggressive liquidity + sustained ETF inflows. Higher probability than the $130k/$150k bets, making it a key benchmark.

How low will Bitcoin get this year? ($80k+) 📉

Current Probability: 20.0%

Implies an 80% chance Bitcoin trades below $80k. This is a critical risk assessment, signaling the market expects a significant corrective move before any potential late-year rally. Sets a likely lower bound for strategic entries.