Research NoteDESK/MACRO_&_RATES_DESK

Kalshi Market Intelligence: Political Shockwaves vs. Dovish Certainty in 2025 Pricing

Kalshi markets indicate a 50% chance Trump leaves office in 2025, while aggressively pricing in three Fed cuts. BTC markets show skewed expectations with low probabilities for extreme highs.

SimpleFunctions Research
SF/RESEARCH

Key Takeaways

  • The Trump exit market at 50% is the single largest political risk premium currently priced across prediction markets, implying extreme event uncertainty for 2025.
  • Fed Funds markets show near-certainty (98%) of three 25bp cuts in 2025, a aggressive dovish stance that may be vulnerable to repricing on persistent inflation or growth data.
  • Bitcoin markets reveal a fat-right-tailed but low-probability expectation for >$130k, with more conviction in a floor above $80k. The $100k year-end target at 11% suggests a late-2025 catalyst is viewed as unlikely.

Executive Summary

The Kalshi prediction markets for Q1 2025 present a landscape defined by extreme political uncertainty, aggressive monetary policy expectations, and cautiously optimistic but bounded cryptocurrency forecasts. The headline event is the 50% implied probability of President Donald Trump exiting office before year-end, a scenario that would represent a seismic political shock with profound implications for fiscal policy, regulatory oversight, and global risk sentiment. Alongside this, Federal Reserve Funds futures proxies on Kalshi price in a 98% likelihood of three consecutive rate cuts, an exceptionally confident bet on dovish policy. Cryptocurrency markets, while attracting significant volume, reveal a tempered bullishness for Bitcoin, with low probabilities assigned to parabolic price targets above $130,000 but greater confidence in a floor above $80,000. This research note dissects these probabilities, evaluates their historical context and internal consistency, and identifies actionable trading insights and key risk catalysts.

I. Political Risk in Focus: The 50% Trump Exit Probability

The market 'Donald Trump out this year?' trading at a 50% probability is the single most significant data point in this dataset. With a volume of $9.8 million, it dominates trader attention and capital. A 50% binary probability indicates the market perceives two outcomes as equally likely—an extraordinary stance for an event with no modern precedent. Since the ratification of the 25th Amendment, no US president has been removed from office via impeachment conviction or resigned under imminent threat of removal. President Nixon's 1974 resignation remains the closest analogue, but that followed overwhelming bipartisan political pressure and certain impeachment.

The pricing likely synthesizes several risk vectors:

  1. Health and Age: President Trump is 78. The market may be pricing in a non-zero probability of a health event that leads to resignation or incapacity.
  2. Legal and Constitutional Crises: Ongoing federal and state criminal cases, while legally complex regarding a sitting president, could create untenable political pressure or lead to scenarios invoking the 25th Amendment.
  3. Political Instability: A deeply polarized Congress could embark on impeachment proceedings that, even if unlikely to convict in the Senate, might destabilize the administration.

Trading Implications: The 50% level acts as a gravitational equilibrium. A trader with a strong view that political stability will hold should sell this probability (i.e., take the 'No' side), effectively collecting a substantial risk premium for bearing what they perceive as a lower-than-50% risk. Conversely, a 'Yes' position functions as a direct hedge against a US political crisis—an event that would likely trigger equity market volatility, a flight to safety in Treasuries, and USD weakness. The high volume suggests liquidity for both entry and exit.

Key Catalyst Watch: Any official medical bulletin, a sudden escalation in legal proceedings (e.g., a trial date set during term), or the initiation of impeachment hearings by the House would be immediate repricing events. The market is likely to be highly sensitive to headlines from these domains.

II. Monetary Policy: Extreme Conviction in a Dovish Pivot

The Fed policy markets reveal a market conviction that borders on absolute. A 98% probability for three 25-basis-point cuts implies traders see this as the base case, with almost no room for deviation. This is notably more dovish than the latest median Fed 'dot plot,' which, as of December 2023, projected three cuts for 2025 but with wider dispersion among members.

Internal Consistency Check: The complementary market for 'Will the Fed cut rates 2 times?' trades at a mere 6% probability. This creates a stark bimodal distribution: the market overwhelmingly believes the Fed will deliver either exactly three cuts (98%) or, with low probability, fewer than three. The possibility of more than three cuts is not listed in this dataset but would likely be priced at a similarly low probability. This reflects a view that the Fed's reaction function is now symmetrically focused on easing, provided inflation continues to trend toward 2%.

Historical Context & Asymmetric Risk: The Federal Reserve has historically pivoted to rate cuts in response to economic softening or crisis. The current pricing assumes a 'soft landing' narrative where inflation subsides without a severe recession, allowing for steady, preemptive easing. The risk is heavily asymmetric to the upside in yields. If core inflation plateaus well above 2.5%, employment remains strong, or growth re-accelerates, the FOMC may pause after one or two cuts. The repricing of the 2-cut probability from 6% to, say, 30% would be a significant market move.

Trading Implications: Given the 98% probability, there is minimal premium for being long the '3 cuts' market. The value opportunity lies in being a contrarian: accumulating a position in '2 cuts' at 6% provides a high payoff if the dovish consensus is wrong. This trade effectively sells the consensus certainty. It serves as a hedge against persistent inflation, which would be negative for long-duration growth stocks but potentially positive for the USD and financial sector profitability.

Catalyst Watch: Monthly CPI and PCE prints, particularly core services inflation, are the primary drivers. Any consecutive prints above expectation will test this 98% certainty. FOMC meeting language, especially any discussion of 'restrictive' policy levels or neutral rates, will also be critical.

III. Cryptocurrency Markets: Bounded Optimism with a Fat Tail

The suite of Bitcoin markets provides a granular view of return expectations and potential volatility. The data suggests a market that is optimistic but within bounded ranges, acknowledging the potential for tail events.

Price Target Analysis:

  • > $100,000 by EOY 2025 (11%): This is the most concrete near-term bullish benchmark. An 11% probability suggests it is a plausible but not expected outcome within the next 11 months. It implies that traders believe a breakout above this psychological level requires a significant new catalyst beyond the existing ETF inflows and halving dynamics.
  • 'How High' Markets ($130k @1%, $140k @2%, $150k @1%): These low probabilities indicate a 'fat right tail'—the market assigns a small chance to a hyper-bullish scenario. The non-zero probabilities are important; they reflect the enduring narrative of Bitcoin as a digital gold and macro hedge, which could trigger a massive rally in a dollar crisis or loss of faith in traditional finance. The slightly higher probability for $140k (2%) versus $130k (1%) is a curious microstructure artifact worth monitoring for shifts.
  • 'How Low' Market ($80k+ @20%): This is perhaps more informative. A 20% probability that Bitcoin does not fall below $80,000.01 this year indicates a strong perceived support level. It suggests that the post-ETF, post-halving floor has structurally risen. The market sees a 1-in-5 chance that BTC weathers all potential shocks without dipping below this threshold.

Consistency Check: The probabilities are internally logical. The low chance of hitting $130k+ is consistent with the low chance of breaching $100k by year-end. The higher confidence in the $80k floor supports a generally bullish, if not parabolic, stance.

Trading Implications: For directional BTC exposure, the markets suggest selling volatility or implementing collar strategies (e.g., selling out-of-the-call options at $130k+ strikes while buying puts for protection). The high volume ($9.7M for the $130k market) indicates deep liquidity for these tail-risk bets. A pairs trade could involve going long the '>$100k by EOY' market (11% probability, potential for appreciation) while shorting one of the extreme 'how high' markets (1-2% probability, collecting premium), betting on a moderate rally rather than an extreme one.

Catalyst Watch: Key drivers include:

  1. ETF Flows: Sustained net inflows into US spot Bitcoin ETFs.
  2. Regulatory Clarity: Positive developments on Ethereum ETF approvals or regulatory frameworks.
  3. Macro Drivers: Fed policy (as above) significantly impacts liquidity conditions. Faster cuts than expected could boost the >$100k probability.
  4. Geopolitical/Financial Stress: A crisis triggering a 'flight to safety' into hard assets could explode the probabilities for the $140k+ markets.

IV. Cross-Market Correlations and Divergences

Trump Exit & Fed Policy: A Trump exit in 2025 would create immediate policy uncertainty. The Fed, however, is priced as an independent constant. In a crisis scenario, the Fed might accelerate cuts (beyond three) to provide liquidity and stability, which is not currently priced with high probability. This creates a cross-market opportunity: a Trump exit event could simultaneously trigger a 'Yes' resolution on that market and a repricing of Fed cut expectations towards more aggressiveness.

Fed Policy & Bitcoin: The 98% probability for three cuts is a macro tailwind for Bitcoin, all else equal. Easy money liquidity supports risk assets. However, if the Fed's cuts are in response to a sharp economic downturn (a 'hard landing'), the correlation between Bitcoin and equities could turn positive in a risk-off selloff, negating the liquidity benefit. Traders should monitor the reason for Fed cuts, not just the count.

Bitcoin Extremes & Political Risk: A US political crisis (Trump exit) could validate Bitcoin's 'hedge' narrative, potentially causing a discontinuous jump in the probabilities for the $140k+ markets. This is a non-linear cross-asset relationship worth considering for those structuring complex hedges.

V. Conclusion and Actionable Trade Structures

The current Kalshi market landscape offers high-conviction narratives in monetary policy juxtaposed with profound uncertainty in the political sphere, alongside cautiously optimistic crypto valuations. The most actionable insights are contrarian in nature:

  1. Fade the Fed Certainty: The 98% probability for three cuts represents extreme consensus. Accumulating exposure to the '2 cuts' scenario at 6% offers a high-risk-adjusted return potential if inflation proves sticky.
  2. Assess Political Risk Premium: The 50% Trump exit probability is a rich source of volatility. Selling this volatility (taking the 'No' side) may be attractive for those believing in institutional stability, but requires robust risk management given the binary outcome.
  3. Structure Asymmetric Crypto Plays: Bitcoin markets favor range-bound strategies with protection against tail events. Using prediction markets to express a view that BTC will stay between $80k and $100k, while buying cheap exposure to the >$130k tail, captures the prevailing market structure.

Key risk factors demanding vigilance are health or legal headlines regarding the President, monthly inflation data challenging the dovish Fed narrative, and cryptocurrency-specific regulatory announcements or ETF flow reversals. The interplay between these domains will define the macro trading environment for 2025.

Market Analysis

Donald Trump out this year? ➡️

Current Probability: 50.0%

The 50% probability on 'Donald Trump out this year?' is extraordinarily high for an in-term presidential exit. Historical context is critical: No US president has resigned under duress or been removed since Nixon in 1974. The market is pricing in a binary, high-impact event with near-equal odds, likely driven by speculation on health (age 78), legal challenges (ongoing cases), or political instability. The $9.8M volume, the highest among all listed markets, confirms this as a dominant macro risk narrative. For traders, this creates a volatile hedge asset: Long 'Yes' positions function as tail-risk protection against US political crisis, while 'No' positions collect premium amid historically low base rates of presidential removal. The key catalyst is likely health-related or a dramatic escalation in legal pressures.

Will the Fed cut rates 3 times? 📉

Current Probability: 98.0%

The Fed cuts markets present a striking consensus: 98% for 3 cuts (75bps) and only 6% for 2 cuts (50bps). This is a more aggressive easing path than late-2023 Fed Dot Plot projections. The market has fully absorbed a dovish pivot, leaving little room for error. Given core PCE remains above target and labor markets are tight, the risk is asymmetrically to the upside for yields (i.e., fewer cuts). A single hot CPI print or hawkish FOMC communication could sharply reprice the 2-cut probability from 6% upward. The 98% probability is a warning signal of extreme positioning; contrarian trades may look to fade this certainty.

Will Bitcoin be above $100,000 by Dec 31, 2025? ➡️

Current Probability: 11.0%

Bitcoin's conditional markets paint a nuanced picture. The 11% probability for BTC >$100k by year-end 2025 is skeptical of a near-term parabolic move. However, the suite of 'how high' markets shows a fat right tail: 1% for $130k, 2% for $140k, 1% for $150k. This suggests traders assign low but non-zero probability to a mega-rally, possibly driven by ETF inflows, regulatory clarity, or a macro crisis. Conversely, the 20% probability for BTC staying above $80k indicates stronger confidence in a higher structural floor post-halving and ETF adoption. The asymmetry is clear: the market sees a higher probability of staying in a $80k-$100k channel than breaking above $130k, but acknowledges explosive upside potential.

Powell leaves before 2026? 📈

Current Probability: 1.0%

At just 1%, the market sees Jerome Powell's departure before 2026 as highly improbable. This stability premium contrasts sharply with the political uncertainty around Trump. It suggests traders view Fed leadership as a constant in the 2025 macro landscape, reducing a source of policy uncertainty. This low probability also reinforces the validity of the aggressive cuts pricing; if the market foresaw Powell being replaced by a hawk, the 98% probability for 3 cuts would likely be lower.