Research NoteDESK/MACRO_&_RATES_DESK

Political Sword of Damocles vs. Macro Complacency: Decoding the Divergence in Prediction Markets

A divergence emerges in political and monetary policy expectations, with traders placing high odds on Trump continuity but hedging against an unorthodox Fed Chair pick. Bitcoin's speculative fever cools dramatically as recession fears fade, creating a complex risk landscape for Q4 2024.

SimpleFunctions Research
SF/RESEARCH

Key Takeaways

  • Trump Exit (50%) vs. Hassett Fed (38%): This 12pp divergence suggests the market sees a Trump resignation/removal as a lower-probability, high-impact event, while a Hassett nomination is viewed as a likely policy outcome if Trump remains. Traders are effectively pricing in two distinct regimes.
  • Collapse in Recession Pricing (2%): At just 2%, this is a stunning vote of confidence in the soft-landing narrative. However, it may have overshot, creating a contrarian opportunity on any negative data surprise.
  • Bitcoin Mania Evaporates: The 1% probability on BTC >$130k/$150k, despite high volume, indicates a speculative bubble has definitively popped. This is now a sentiment indicator inversely correlated with risk appetite.

Divergent Regimes: Political Continuity vs. Policy Shock

The political landscape, as priced by Kalshi markets, presents a stark dichotomy. The flagship contract, 'Donald Trump out this year?' sits at a coin-toss 50% probability, with substantial volume ($9.8M) underpinning the trade. This is an extraordinarily elevated level for an incumbent president's potential early exit. Historically, prediction markets have been sensitive to discrete events—the collapse of 'Hillary Clinton to win 2016' post-Comey letter, the spike in 'Trump to leave office early' post-January 6th. The current 50% price suggests the market is not pricing a single known catalyst, but a sustained, elevated risk environment encompassing health, legal, and political pressures through the election and inauguration period.

The Hassett Conundrum: A Conditional Bet on Trump's Survival

This is where the analysis becomes nuanced. The linked contract, 'Will Trump next nominate Kevin Hassett as Fed Chair?' trades at a significant 38%. The conditional relationship is critical. If we assume the 'Trump out' market is correct, a Hassett nomination is impossible (as the nomination would occur before Jan 20, 2029, per the contract). Therefore, the 38% price implies a much higher conditional probability given Trump remains in office. Simple Bayesian reasoning suggests: if P(Trump Out) = 0.5, and P(Hassett) = 0.38, then P(Hassett | Trump Stays) is approximately 0.76. The market is telling us that if Trump survives the year, a Hassett nomination becomes the base case. This is a profound insight into expected policy disruption: traders view a Trump second term as likely to bring a radical shift in Fed leadership toward a politically aligned dove.

The Complacent Macro: Recession Fears Fade to Near Zero

The macroeconomic outlook priced into these markets is one of remarkable stability. A 2025 recession is assigned a mere 2% probability, down from peak levels above 60% in the past two years. This is a near-total endorsement of the soft-landing narrative. The associated rate cut market ('Will the Fed cut rates 2 times?' at 6% for 50bps of cuts) is consistent with a gentle easing cycle, not an emergency response. The 'Powell leaves before 2026' contract at 1% confirms expectations of institutional stability at the Fed in the near term. However, this creates fragility. The asymmetry is severe: the pain of a wrong bet on 'no recession' (probability can 10x on one bad report) far outweighs the gain from being right. This market may be underpricing geopolitical supply shocks or a delayed impact from tighter financial conditions.

Bitcoin: From Speculative Fever to Sentiment Gauge

The Bitcoin markets are a study in collapsed speculation. With a 1% chance of reaching $130k or $150k this year, the mania that followed the ETF launches has fully reversed. The high volume (~$9.7M and ~$4.6M) indicates this was a widely held view now being abandoned. This contract now serves as a powerful sentiment indicator for speculative risk appetite. Its correlation with tech equities and the Nasdaq has likely increased. A reversion to even 5% would signal a significant shift in investor psychology. Currently, it represents a capitulation trade, which historically can precede a tactical rally, though not necessarily to the prior euphoric targets.

Actionable Trade Conceptions

  1. Pair Trade: Short 'Trump Out', Long 'Hassett Fed'. The 12pp spread between these markets appears mispriced given their conditional relationship. If one believes Trump is likely to remain, the Hassett contract is undervalued. This trade expresses a view on political continuity and its policy consequences.
  2. Buy 'Recession in 2025' as a Non-Correlated Hedge. At 2%, this contract is a cheap portfolio hedge against a black swan. A small allocation could pay out 50x in a downturn, offering convexity that is expensive to obtain in options markets.
  3. Monitor Bitcoin $130k+ as a Contrarian Indicator. Consider taking the other side of this extreme pessimism with a small, defined-risk position. A move to 5% would represent a 5x return. Use this market as a canary for crypto/tech sentiment.
  4. Ignore Low-Probability, High-Impact Tail Events (Ed. Dept., Powell Exit). At 1%, these are lottery tickets. The capital is better deployed in markets with clearer catalysts and more responsive probabilities.

Key Catalysts and Risk Factors

The primary risk is election night chaos and contested results, which would directly impact the 'Trump Out' contract and create volatility in all politically adjacent markets. A clear Trump or Harris victory would likely cause a rapid repricing. Secondary risks include a sudden economic deterioration (e.g., labor market break), which would explode the recession probability from 2% and force a re-evaluation of the Fed cut path. A health event for any major figure remains an unquantifiable tail risk across all contracts. Finally, regulatory action against prediction markets or Kalshi itself is a non-zero risk that could impair liquidity and settlement.

Conclusion: The Core Contradiction

The Kalshi markets paint a picture of a financial world expecting political turbulence but economic calm. The core tension lies between the 50% chance of a presidential exit and the 2% chance of a recession. One of these views is likely wrong. If Trump exits, economic policy uncertainty would spike, potentially triggering the recession the market says won't happen. Conversely, if the soft landing falters, the political fallout could impact the election and the 'Trump Out' probability. The Hassett nomination market is the linchpin connecting these realms, offering a pure play on second-term Trump policy disruption. Traders should focus on the conditional relationships between these core contracts, using the extreme pricing in recession and Bitcoin markets as sources of potential convexity and sentiment signals.

Market Analysis

Donald Trump out this year? ➡️

Current Probability: 50.0%

The 50% probability on 'Donald Trump out this year' is the market's most significant political signal. Historically, such a binary for an incumbent is extraordinarily high outside of an active impeachment or health crisis. The volume (~$9.8M) confirms this is a major focal point for capital. The market is likely pricing in a combination of tail risks: health, resignation under pressure, or a constitutional crisis forcing removal. However, the probability has likely plateaued; a move above 60% would signal a major, tangible escalation (e.g., a Cabinet-level resignation citing fitness). A drop below 40% would indicate the perceived crisis has passed. The key catalyst is the election itself and its immediate, contested aftermath.

Will Trump next nominate Kevin Hassett as Fed Chair? 📈

Current Probability: 38.0%

The 38% probability for Kevin Hassett as the next Fed Chair nominee is strikingly high for a non-consensus candidate. Hassett, a former Trump CEA chair, is seen as a dove with potential heterodox views. This market is a direct hedge on the 'Trump out' market. If 'Trump out' probability falls, 'Hassett Fed' should rise, and vice-versa. The 12-percentage-point gap between the two represents the market's estimate of the conditional probability: if Trump stays, the chance of a Hassett nomination is significantly above 38%. This suggests traders believe Trump would prioritize loyalty and dovishness over Wall Street convention for this critical post-Powell appointment (Powell's term ends May 2026).

Will there be a recession in 2025? 📉

Current Probability: 2.0%

At 2%, the market has all but dismissed the possibility of a 2025 recession. This is a radical shift from late 2023, when similar contracts traded above 60%. The pricing implies near-perfect confidence in the Fed's ability to engineer a soft landing. The risk is asymmetric: any Q4 2024 or Q1 2025 GDP print that is negative or near-zero could cause this probability to spike multiplicatively (e.g., from 2% to 15-20% on a single data point). The volume ($4.6M) indicates there is still capital seeking to express this view, making it a potentially cheap hedge for macro portfolios.

Will the Fed cut rates 2 times? ➡️

Current Probability: 6.0%

The Fed cut market (2 cuts = 50 bps at 6% probability) is coherent with the recession market. It shows the market expects a shallow easing cycle, likely starting mid-2025, absent a downturn. The more revealing metric is the 'Powell leaves before 2026' contract at 1%. The market sees near-certainty that Powell will serve his full term, ending in May 2026. This further tightens the timeline for a potential Hassett nomination, which would be a late-2025/early-2026 event if Trump wins re-election.

How high will Bitcoin get this year? ($130k+) 📉

Current Probability: 1.0%

The 1% probability for Bitcoin reaching $130,000 or $150,000 this year is a capitulation trade. Earlier in 2024, following the ETF approvals, these contracts traded at 20-30%. The collapse to 1% on high volume (~$14.3M combined) indicates a massive flushing out of speculative excess. This is now a sentiment gauge. A sustained rise back above 5% would signal a resurgence of crypto risk appetite, likely correlated with equity market strength and dollar weakness. Currently, it acts as a contrary indicator: extreme pessimism here may foreshadow a tactical bounce.

Will the Department of Education be eliminated before Jan 1, 2026? ➡️

Current Probability: 1.0%

Markets on the elimination of the Department of Education (1%) and the Pro Football Championships are functioning as liquidity sinks and volatility dampeners. The sports markets, with probabilities (10% for Philadelphia, 14% for LA) roughly in line with pre-season model estimates for any given team, show prediction markets are efficiently calibrating in non-political spaces. The Education Department market is a pure political binary; its 1% price suggests traders see virtually no chance of a full elimination, even in a second Trump term, likely due to legislative hurdles.

Political Sword of Damocles vs. Macro Complacency: Decoding the Divergence in Prediction Markets | SimpleFunctions Research